How Strong Is Die Cast Zinc? Properties, Corrosion and Applications

How strong is die cast zinc? Depending on the alloy and casting condition, common zinc die casting alloys can provide typical tensile strengths of approximately 280–425 MPa and yield strengths of roughly 200–350 MPa. This makes them strong enough for many housings, brackets, handles, lock components, small gears and precision mechanical parts. However, a material data sheet alone cannot determine whether a finished component will survive its actual load. Alloy selection, wall thickness, ribs, porosity, operating temperature, stress concentration and assembly conditions all affect performance. Engineers must therefore evaluate both the die cast zinc properties and the geometry of the finished component before choosing zinc for a structural or load-bearing application.

How Strong Is Die Cast Zinc?

Industrial zinc die casting does not normally use soft, commercially pure zinc. Instead, manufacturers use zinc alloys strengthened with controlled amounts of aluminum, magnesium and copper. These additions improve tensile strength, yield strength, hardness, dimensional stability and casting performance.

Common zinc alloys can provide tensile strength in the approximate range of 30,000–41,000 psi, while typical yield strength may fall between about 22,000 and 32,000 psi. Higher-aluminum ZA alloys can reach even higher tensile strength under appropriate conditions. These values are representative rather than guaranteed because actual properties depend on alloy composition, casting parameters, test method, temperature, wall thickness and material condition.

This level of strength allows zinc die cast components to withstand many moderate mechanical loads. Zinc is commonly considered for door hardware, lock bodies, mechanical levers, appliance parts, instrument housings, brackets and automotive interior mechanisms. Its relatively good elongation and impact resistance can also make a properly designed part less vulnerable to sudden brittle fracture than a material selected solely for high hardness.

Nevertheless, “strong” does not mean universally suitable. A small zinc mounting bracket with reinforced ribs may perform reliably, while a larger part made from the same alloy may deform if it has thin unsupported walls or is exposed to continuous heat and static load. The question should therefore not only be “how strong is zinc alloy?” It should also be “is this alloy, geometry and manufacturing process suitable for the expected load case?”

What Are the Main Die Cast Zinc Properties?

Strength is not a single mechanical value. When engineers compare zinc castings, they should examine the complete property profile and determine which values correspond to the expected failure mode.

引張強度

Tensile strength describes the maximum tensile stress a test specimen can withstand before fracture. It is useful for comparing alloys, but it does not directly state how much load a finished component can carry. The real part may contain holes, threads, fillets, ribs, bosses, parting lines and variations in wall thickness that change its local stress distribution.

Zamak 3 has a typical tensile strength of about 280 MPa, while certain higher-aluminum zinc alloys can reach approximately 400 MPa or more under specified conditions. The reference article identifies values of about 283 MPa for Zamak 3 and up to approximately 425 MPa for ZA-27. These figures should be used for preliminary comparison rather than as an automatic allowable design stress.

降伏強度

Yield strength indicates when a material begins to deform permanently. For mounting ears, brackets, handles, levers and clamped assemblies, yield strength can be more relevant than ultimate tensile strength because the component may become unusable as soon as it bends, even if it has not fractured.

A designer should calculate the local stress around fastener holes, transitions and narrow sections and then apply a suitable safety factor. Loads caused by assembly torque, impact and vibration should also be included rather than evaluating only the nominal operating force.

硬度と耐摩耗性

Hardness affects resistance to indentation and surface wear. It matters for small gears, sliding features, latch components, pivot points and parts repeatedly contacted during operation. Copper additions generally increase the hardness and wear performance of common Zamak alloys, which is one reason Zamak 5 may be selected instead of Zamak 3 for more heavily loaded hardware.

Surface hardness should not be confused with overall structural strength. A hard nickel or chrome coating can improve resistance to scratching and surface wear, but the underlying zinc alloy still controls the main load-bearing capacity of the component.

Impact Resistance and Elongation

Impact resistance describes how well a part tolerates sudden loading. Elongation indicates the material’s capacity to deform before fracture. These characteristics help explain why diecast zinc can work well in handles, locks, appliance mechanisms and consumer products that experience drops, assembly forces or short-duration impacts.

However, impact performance also depends on temperature, notch geometry and casting quality. A sharp internal corner or porous section can act as a crack initiation point even when the nominal alloy has suitable impact properties.

疲労強度およびクリープ耐性

Fatigue occurs when repeated loads initiate and propagate cracks over time. Creep is gradual deformation under sustained stress, especially when temperature increases. These are different failure modes, and neither can be evaluated adequately from a room-temperature tensile strength value.

A zinc bracket that survives one high load may still fail after thousands of cycles if the stress repeatedly concentrates around a hole. Similarly, a zinc housing under constant bolt preload may gradually deform if it operates continuously at an elevated temperature. Long-term applications should therefore be evaluated using fatigue, creep and temperature data for the selected alloy.

How Do Zamak and ZA Alloys Compare in Strength?

Zamak and ZA alloys are the two major zinc alloy families considered for die casting. Zamak alloys contain approximately four percent aluminum with smaller additions of magnesium and, depending on the grade, copper. ZA alloys contain more aluminum and generally offer greater strength, hardness and wear resistance.

合金	相対的な強度	Castability	耐摩耗性	一般的な用途
Zamak 3	中程度	優れている	良好	Housings, general hardware, handles and decorative parts
Zamak 5	中程度から高め	非常に良好	Better than Zamak 3	Locks, levers, automotive hardware and loaded fittings
ZA-8	高い	良好	高い	Gears, bearing features and industrial components
ZA-12	高い	Process-dependent	非常に高い	Bushings, gears and wear components
ZA-27	非常に高い	より厳しい条件	非常に高い	Highly loaded mechanical and wear applications

All values and rankings are general comparisons. The final material specification should be based on a recognized standard, supplier data and the actual manufacturing process.

Zamak 3

Zamak 3 is one of the most widely used zinc die casting alloys because it combines castability, dimensional stability, surface quality and moderate mechanical strength. It can fill detailed cavities and thin sections, making it suitable for electronic housings, lock parts, appliance hardware, handles and decorative zinc castings.

For components that require stable dimensions but do not experience extreme wear or high continuous load, Zamak 3 is often a practical starting point. It can also accept many plating and coating systems when the casting surface is prepared correctly.

Zamak 5

Zamak 5 contains more copper than Zamak 3. This generally increases its tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. The source article describes Zamak 5 as offering approximately 10–20 percent higher tensile strength than Zamak 3, although the exact difference depends on the material condition and test data used.

This alloy is frequently considered for components such as levers, lock bodies, mechanical hardware and fittings that need more strength than a general-purpose Zamak 3 casting. The higher nominal strength does not eliminate the need to control wall transitions, porosity and local stress.

ZA-8

ZA-8 contains approximately eight percent aluminum and commonly includes copper. It offers greater strength, hardness, wear resistance and bearing performance than standard Zamak alloys. It may be suitable for small gears, bushings, bearing supports, mechanical links and industrial components that experience friction or repeated contact.

ZA-8 can be processed using hot-chamber die casting under suitable conditions, but its casting behavior and process window differ from those of conventional Zamak alloys. Tooling and process parameters must be selected for the specific material.

ZA-12 and ZA-27

ZA-12 and ZA-27 contain progressively higher aluminum levels. They can provide higher strength and wear resistance, making them attractive for more heavily loaded components. However, higher mechanical performance does not automatically make them the best option for every zinc die cast project.

These alloys may require different casting equipment or process controls, and dimensional stability, tooling strategy, finishing requirements and production cost should be evaluated. For a precision housing with complex thin walls, Zamak 3 may still be more suitable than a nominally stronger alloy.

What Are the Advantages of Zinc Die Casting?

The advantages of zinc die casting extend beyond mechanical strength. Its manufacturing characteristics can reduce part count, simplify assemblies and minimize secondary operations when the design is compatible with the process.

Complex Features and Thin Walls

Molten zinc alloys have good fluidity and can reproduce fine cavity details. Designers can integrate ribs, bosses, lettering, mounting features, slots and complex external profiles into one casting. This may replace an assembly previously made from several machined or stamped parts.

Thin-wall capability can also reduce material usage, although the minimum practical wall thickness depends on flow length, alloy, gate location, part area and local geometry. Specifying thin walls without a flow analysis may create cold shuts, incomplete filling or local weakness.

Dimensional Stability

Zinc alloys have predictable casting behavior and relatively low shrinkage compared with several other die casting metals. This can support consistent production of housings, frames and mechanical hardware. The original source highlights dimensional stability as a key reason zinc is used for precision components.

Dimensional stability does not mean every as-cast surface will meet a machining-level tolerance. Part size, parting line position, die temperature, draft angle and tool wear still influence the final dimensions.

Good Impact Performance

Many zinc alloys combine useful strength with sufficient ductility for parts exposed to assembly forces, drops or short-duration impacts. This balance can be more valuable than maximum hardness for latches, handles and mechanical controls.

Reduced Secondary Machining

A well-designed mold can form many features close to their final geometry. Noncritical holes, bosses, exterior profiles and text may be produced during casting, while CNC machining is reserved for precision bores, threads, sealing faces and datums.

This selective approach can be more economical than machining the complete component from solid stock at higher production volumes.

Long Tooling Life

Zinc alloys are processed at lower temperatures than common aluminum die casting alloys. The reduced thermal load can support longer die life and stable high-volume production. Actual tool life still depends on cavity complexity, steel grade, cooling, maintenance, shot parameters and required surface quality.

What Factors Can Reduce the Strength of Zinc Die Cast Components?

A zinc alloy may have suitable published properties while the finished component still fails. Casting defects and poor structural design can reduce performance far below the nominal strength of the material.

Internal Porosity

Gas porosity and shrinkage porosity reduce the effective load-bearing area of zinc die cast components. Porosity can be particularly damaging around threaded holes, bearing seats, sealing surfaces and narrow structural sections.

It may also reduce fatigue life because internal voids can become crack initiation points. If a critical surface requires deep machining, the tool may expose subsurface pores that were not visible in the original casting.

Uneven Wall Thickness

Large differences between thick and thin sections create uneven cooling. Heavy intersections may remain hot longer and develop shrinkage, while thin sections may solidify before the cavity fills completely.

Designers should aim for gradual transitions and use ribs to increase stiffness rather than simply adding thick masses of metal. Uniform walls also make dimensional variation easier to control.

Sharp Corners and Stress Concentrations

Sharp internal corners, narrow slots and abrupt section changes concentrate stress. A crack is more likely to begin at these locations under impact or cyclic loading. Appropriate fillets distribute stress more gradually and improve molten metal flow.

Gate Location and Flow Lines

Gate, runner and overflow design determines how the molten alloy fills the cavity. Poor flow patterns can trap gas or create weak meeting lines in critical areas. A visually acceptable part may therefore contain a structurally unfavorable internal flow condition.

High-load mounting ears and threaded bosses should be considered during mold-flow and gate planning rather than added after the tooling strategy has been fixed.

Operating Temperature

The mechanical properties of zinc alloys decline as temperature rises. Long-term heat combined with static stress can increase creep deformation. Zinc is therefore not always appropriate for components located close to engines, heating elements or other continuously hot equipment.

The design review should distinguish between short temperature peaks and the continuous service temperature. Load duration is as important as the maximum temperature.

How Does Part Design Affect Diecast Zinc Strength?

Strong parts are created by combining the correct alloy with geometry that distributes load efficiently. Adding material everywhere can increase weight and create casting defects without solving the actual structural problem.

Keep Wall Thickness Consistent

Consistent wall thickness promotes more uniform filling and cooling. When a transition is necessary, it should be gradual. Local reinforcement can be created through ribs, gussets or geometry rather than a sudden heavy section.

Use Ribs Efficiently

Ribs can increase bending stiffness with less material than a completely thicker wall. They should support mounting bosses, broad flat areas and loaded brackets without producing overly heavy intersections.

Rib thickness, height, spacing and draft must be coordinated with the surrounding wall. A rib that is too thick can produce sink, shrinkage or local porosity.

Add Fillets at Loaded Transitions

Fillets are important where a boss joins a wall, where a mounting ear connects to the main body or where a lever changes section. They reduce peak stress and support smoother cavity filling.

Support Bosses and Threaded Features

A tall unsupported screw boss can crack or bend under assembly torque. Connecting the boss to nearby walls with ribs and using an appropriate fillet improves load transfer.

The designer should also provide sufficient material around a tapped hole. Thread engagement length, wall thickness, porosity and tightening torque all influence the reliability of the connection.

Align the Structure With the Load Path

Ribs and major sections should follow the expected load direction. A reinforced feature positioned away from the actual load path may add mass without significantly improving strength.

Finite element analysis can identify local stress concentrations, but the model should use realistic boundary conditions. An idealized fixed support may hide deformation in the actual fastener or assembly interface.

How Does Corrosion Affect Die Cast Zinc Strength?

Die cast zinc corrosion usually begins as a surface durability problem, but severe or prolonged attack can eventually reduce functional strength. Pitting, coating failure and material loss may weaken threads, narrow sections, contact surfaces and fatigue-critical areas.

Moisture and Chloride Exposure

Zinc alloys can form protective surface films in normal atmospheric conditions. However, trapped moisture, condensation, salt spray and chloride contamination can disrupt this protection and accelerate localized corrosion.

Outdoor housings and automotive hardware should include drainage and ventilation where practical. Enclosed gaps that retain water can create more severe corrosion than exposed surfaces that dry quickly.

Galvanic Corrosion

Galvanic corrosion can occur when zinc is electrically connected to another metal in the presence of an electrolyte. Stainless steel fasteners, copper contacts or other dissimilar metals may create a galvanic couple.

The severity depends on the metal combination, relative surface areas, moisture, coating condition and assembly design. Isolation washers, sealants, compatible coatings and drainage can reduce the risk.

Porosity and Coating Performance

Surface-connected porosity can interfere with cleaning, pretreatment and plating. Contaminants trapped in pores may later contribute to blisters, staining or coating separation.

Where appearance or corrosion resistance is critical, the casting process must provide a surface suitable for the selected finish. Polishing alone cannot reliably correct deep porosity.

What Causes Zamak Corrosion?

Zamak corrosion performance depends on alloy purity, exposure conditions and surface protection. Harmful impurity levels can increase susceptibility to intergranular degradation, while moisture and chloride exposure can attack unprotected surfaces.

Magnesium is carefully controlled in common Zamak compositions partly because it helps limit intergranular corrosion. The source article also identifies excessive lead, tin and other unwanted trace elements as potential causes of reduced alloy quality.

How Can Zamak Corrosion Be Reduced?

Corrosion control should begin with the material and casting process rather than relying only on a final coating. Effective measures include specifying the correct alloy, controlling impurities, limiting porosity, preparing the surface correctly and selecting a coating compatible with the service environment.

Design measures are also important. Avoid trapped water, provide drainage, isolate dissimilar metals and prevent sharp recesses that are difficult to clean or coat. Coating thickness, adhesion and coverage should be inspected on production parts.

Is Zinc Stronger Than Aluminum or Magnesium Die Casting?

No die casting metal is strongest in every category. Zinc, aluminum and magnesium offer different combinations of strength, weight, temperature capability, corrosion performance and manufacturing behavior.

Zinc generally provides good impact resistance, dimensional stability, thin-section filling and surface quality. It is also easy to plate and can reproduce small details accurately. Its major disadvantage is density: zinc is considerably heavier than aluminum or magnesium.

Aluminum is often preferred for larger components, heat-exposed parts and applications where a better strength-to-weight ratio is essential. It also offers broader use at elevated temperatures.

Magnesium provides the lowest density of the three and is useful for weight-sensitive housings and structural frames. However, alloy selection, corrosion control and manufacturing requirements differ from those of zinc.

A compact lock body may benefit from zinc’s casting precision and impact performance, while a large portable enclosure may be better suited to magnesium. An automotive bracket near a heat source may require aluminum even when zinc has adequate room-temperature tensile strength.

Can CNC Machining Improve Zinc Die Cast Parts?

CNC machining does not increase the inherent tensile strength of a zinc alloy. It improves the precision, fit and functional reliability of selected features that cannot be controlled economically by casting alone.

Typical features machined after casting include:

• Precision bores and bearing seats
• ねじ穴
• Reamed locating holes
• Sealing surfaces
• Mounting faces
• Counterbores and recesses
• Datum surfaces
• Grooves and pockets

Machining Critical Bores and Fits

A hole can be formed in the casting to reduce machining time, then bored or reamed to its final diameter. This approach is suitable for bearing seats, locating pins and alignment holes.

The drawing should distinguish between noncritical cast holes and machined precision bores. Applying the same tolerance to every hole can increase tooling and inspection costs without improving function.

Machining Threads

Threads may be formed directly, tapped after casting or created using an insert. Tapped threads provide greater dimensional control, but their strength still depends on the surrounding material.

A thread positioned near porosity or inside a poorly supported boss may strip during assembly. Sufficient engagement, controlled torque and adequate boss support are therefore necessary.

Finishing Sealing and Mounting Faces

CNC milling can produce flat mounting or sealing surfaces and establish consistent relationships between functional datums. Only the necessary surfaces should be machined because excessive material removal increases cost and may expose internal pores.

Planning Machining Allowance

Machining allowance should be established during die design. Too little allowance may leave casting variation on the finished surface, while excessive allowance increases cutting time and the risk of reaching porous internal material.

Secondary Machining by Tuofa CNC Germany

Tuofa CNC Germany supports secondary machining for zinc die cast components based on customer drawings and functional requirements. Available operations can include CNC milling, drilling, boring, reaming, thread machining, deburring and dimensional inspection.

For projects combining casting and machining, the critical dimensions should be identified before tooling begins. This allows casting datums, clamping surfaces and machining allowance to be designed as one coordinated process rather than treated as separate production stages.

What Tolerances Can Zinc Die Casting Achieve?

There is no single tolerance that applies to every zinc casting. Achievable dimensional control depends on part size, feature location, wall thickness, draft, parting line, die temperature, shrinkage, tool wear and production conditions.

The reference article states that dimensions below 25 mm may typically achieve approximately ±0.10 mm under standard conditions, with around ±0.05 mm possible for selected precision features when tooling and process controls are suitable. It also notes that demanding dimensions may require secondary CNC machining.

These values should not be copied to a drawing as universal guarantees. A tolerance review should separate the part into three groups:

• Standard as-cast dimensions
• Controlled precision casting dimensions
• CNC-machined functional dimensions

Allowing general surfaces to remain as-cast while machining only bearing bores, sealing faces and location datums is often more economical than requiring the entire component to meet an unnecessarily tight tolerance.

Do Surface Finishes Make Zinc Castings Stronger?

Most surface treatments do not substantially increase the overall tensile or yield strength of zinc castings. Their main purpose is to improve corrosion resistance, appearance, friction behavior, wear resistance or coating adhesion.

ニッケルめっき

Nickel plating can provide a decorative metallic appearance and improve surface wear and corrosion resistance. It may also serve as an intermediate layer in a multilayer plating system.

Chrome Plating

Chrome plating is used for decorative hardware, controls and trim components. The coating can provide a hard, wear-resistant exterior, but its hardness should not be presented as the structural strength of the complete part.

粉体塗装

Powder coating offers a broad color range and a relatively thick protective layer. Surface preparation and curing conditions must be compatible with the zinc alloy and the dimensional requirements of the component.

塗装

Liquid paint can provide color and environmental protection for housings and consumer products. Edge coverage, adhesion and surface cleanliness strongly influence durability.

Polishing, Brushing and Blasting

Mechanical finishing modifies appearance and surface texture. It can prepare the part for plating or coating, but aggressive polishing should not be used to hide severe casting defects. Surface-connected pores may remain visible after finishing or reappear after plating.

Where Are Strong Zinc Die Cast Components Used?

The most suitable applications use zinc’s combination of compact strength, dimensional repeatability, detailed casting and finishing flexibility.

Load-Bearing Hardware

Hinges, latches, lock bodies, handles, brackets and mechanical catches can be produced as zinc die cast components. These parts benefit from integrated bosses, ribs and decorative surfaces, but heavily loaded features still require appropriate wall thickness and fillets.

Precision Housings

Electronic enclosures, sensor housings, connector bodies and instrument frames can use zinc for dimensional stability, impact protection and electromagnetic shielding. Machined datums or sealing faces may be added where assembly precision is critical.

Motion and Wear Components

Small gears, levers, links, bushings and bearing supports may use Zamak 5 or ZA alloys when higher wear resistance is required. Lubrication, contact stress and alignment must be considered in addition to bulk material strength.

Automotive and Consumer Components

Automotive interior mechanisms, appliance hardware, control knobs, handheld product frames and decorative fittings frequently use zinc castings. Zinc is particularly useful where the component must feel solid, contain detailed features and accept an attractive surface finish.

When Should You Not Choose Die Cast Zinc?

Zinc die casting should not be selected only because it can produce complex shapes. The process and material may be unsuitable in the following situations:

• The component must be extremely lightweight.
• The part operates continuously at elevated temperatures.
• A high static load creates significant long-term creep risk.
• The component is a very large structural frame.
• Production volume cannot justify dedicated die casting tooling.
• The design requires extensive material removal after casting.
• The component is exposed to chemicals incompatible with zinc or its coating.
• The application cannot tolerate internal porosity.

For low-volume development or a design that is still changing, CNC machining a prototype from solid material may be more practical. After the geometry and load conditions are verified, the design can be adapted for die casting if expected production volume supports the tooling investment.

How Is the Quality of Zinc Die Cast Parts Verified?

Inspection should focus on the risks that matter to the application. A decorative handle and a pressure-containing mechanical component do not require the same quality plan.

Common inspection and validation methods include:

• Alloy composition verification
• Visual and surface inspection
• Dimensional measurement
• CMM inspection
• Thread plug and ring gauge inspection
• X-ray inspection for internal porosity
• Sectioning and metallographic analysis
• 硬度試験
• Tensile testing of representative samples
• Coating thickness and adhesion inspection
• Leak testing where pressure tightness is required
• Statistical process control for production dimensions

Not every project requires every inspection method. The drawing, failure consequences, production volume and industry requirements should determine the appropriate control plan.

How Should You Select a Zinc Die Casting Supplier?

A suitable manufacturing partner should be able to evaluate the complete production route rather than quote only the casting operation. Important capabilities include alloy control, die design, porosity management, process monitoring, secondary CNC machining, surface finishing coordination and dimensional inspection.

Engineers should also evaluate how the supplier responds to drawing revisions and whether it can identify features that are difficult to cast, machine, coat or inspect. Early DFM feedback can prevent weak bosses, excessive wall transitions, inaccessible machining surfaces and coating problems.

Tuofa CNC Germany can review drawings and 3D models to identify critical machining features, practical datum strategies, tolerance requirements and surface treatment considerations. This coordinated approach is particularly valuable when a part requires both near-net-shape die casting and precision CNC finishing.

よくある質問

Is die cast zinc stronger than aluminum?

Zinc may provide higher strength than certain aluminum die casting alloys in some room-temperature comparisons, but aluminum is much lighter and usually performs better at elevated temperatures. The correct selection depends on load, weight, temperature, geometry and required production process rather than tensile strength alone.

Can die cast zinc be used for load-bearing parts?

Yes. Zinc can be used for many brackets, handles, locks, levers and mechanical hardware components. The alloy, wall thickness, ribs, load direction, fatigue, creep, porosity and safety factor must all be evaluated before approving the design.

Which zinc die casting alloy is the strongest?

High-aluminum ZA alloys, particularly ZA-27, generally provide higher tensile strength than common Zamak alloys. However, the strongest alloy may not provide the best castability, dimensional stability, finishing performance or production cost for a specific component.

Does die cast zinc corrode?

Yes. Zinc alloys can corrode when exposed to persistent moisture, salt, incompatible chemicals or galvanic contact. Correct alloy quality, drainage, surface preparation, plating or coating can significantly improve service life.

What causes Zamak corrosion?

Zamak corrosion can be accelerated by alloy impurities, chloride exposure, trapped moisture, damaged coatings, surface porosity and contact with dissimilar metals. Material control and component design are both important for prevention.

Can zinc die cast parts be CNC machined?

Yes. Zinc die cast parts can be milled, drilled, bored, reamed and tapped. CNC machining is commonly used for bearing bores, locating holes, threads, sealing surfaces and other critical features.

Does chrome or nickel plating increase zinc strength?

Chrome and nickel plating primarily improve surface hardness, wear resistance, appearance and corrosion protection. They do not significantly increase the tensile strength of the underlying zinc alloy or correct a weak structural design.

結論

How strong is die cast zinc? Common zinc die casting alloys provide enough tensile, yield and impact strength for many housings, brackets, locks, handles and precision mechanical components. Their actual performance depends on more than the alloy data sheet. Engineers must select the correct Zamak or ZA grade, maintain consistent wall thickness, reinforce loaded features, control porosity and account for fatigue, creep, corrosion and operating temperature. Critical holes, threads, sealing faces and datums can be finished through CNC machining when as-cast tolerances are insufficient. Tuofa CNC Germany can support the evaluation of machining allowance, functional tolerances, secondary operations and surface treatment requirements for custom zinc die cast components.